What Is Mononucleosis?

What is MononucleosisMononucleosis, which is often referred to as “mono” or the “kissing disease,” is an infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a member of the herpes family. EBV is very common, and many people are exposed as children or teenagers. It is possible to be infected with EBV, but still not get sick. Regardless of whether an infected person develops symptoms, however, the virus is carried – in dormant form – for life.

Mono has been dubbed the “kissing disease” because it is highly contagious through contact with saliva. As such, EBV is easily passed through kissing or sharing a drink, toothbrush, eating utensil, or lip balm with an infected person. Those with mono are usually most contagious after they are first infected, and can remain so (to a lesser extent) for up to 18 months.

Classic symptoms of mononucleosis include:

  • Fatigue / general lack of energy
  • Loss of appetite
  • Headache
  • Fever and chills
  • Aches and pains throughout the body
  • Swollen lymph nodes (glands) on both sides of the neck
  • Severe sore throat

Many mono patients are prompted to see a physician due to the severity of their sore throats. If mononucleosis is suspected, a diagnosis can be confirmed through monospot, a fast and simple blood test that checks for the antibodies (heterophil antibodies) that are produced by the body’s immune system in response to an EBV infection. Typically, monospot testing can detect heterophil antibodies within two to nine weeks after the onset of infection.

In most cases, no specific treatment for mono is necessary. The virus is usually self-limited and the symptoms resolve on their own within two to four weeks. In the meantime, lots of sleep and attentive home care can help a patient feel better. Ibuprofen and acetaminophen can be useful for treating fevers and aching muscles. It’s also important to drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration.

After recovering from mono, a patient should resume normal activities gradually and listen to his or her body, resting as much as needed. It’s also best to avoid sports and other vigorous pursuits for at least a month after being infected.

To learn more, or if you would like to be tested for mono or consult with a physician about a sore throat or for any other reason, please feel free to contact or visit the South Tampa Immediate Care walk-in clinic today.